Different ways of Binding Razor DropDownList in ASP.NET MVC 5

• 1. DropDownList
• 2. What is Razor View in MVC?
• 3. How do I bind a DropDownList in MVC Razor?
• 4. Conclusion

A dropdown menu is a method to show a huge list of options since only one choice is displayed initially until someone activates the dropdown box.

Figure 1: DropDownList

Razor View is a markup syntax that lets us embed server-based code into web apps using C#. It is not a programming language, just a server-side markup language.

Razor has no specific relations to ASP.NET MVC because it is a general-purpose template engine. We can use it anywhere for HTML like output generation. It is just used in MVC to produce an HTML-like view from web apps.

Figure 2: Razo

We can have a template file that is a mixture of some literal text with some code snippets. We combine that template with some data or specific model where the data is meant to appear and then we execute the template to generate our output.

It is similar to ASPX files. ASPX files otherwise called templates have literal text with a bit of C# code and these together help to display specific frame or content to the user.

  <% foreach=""> 
           <%: html.actionlink=""> |
           <%: html.actionlink="">|
           <%: html.actionlink="">
         
           <%: item.name=""><%: html.actionlink=""><%: html.actionlink=""><%: html.actionlink="">
         
           <%: string.format=""><%: item.name=""><%: html.actionlink=""><%: html.actionlink=""><%: html.actionlink="">
         <%: string.format=""><%: item.name=""><%: html.actionlink=""><%: html.actionlink=""><%: html.actionlink="">
  <%}%>
  
  @foreach (var item in Model) { 
           @Html.ActionLink("Edit", "Edit", new { id = item.ID }) |
           @Html.ActionLink("Details", "Details", new { id = item.ID }) |
           @Html.ActionLink("Delete", "Delete", new { id = item.ID }) 
           @item.Name 
           @String.Format("{0,g}", item.JoiningDate) 
  } 
  

To populate the DropDownList in MVC using Razor, we can use multiple ways like ViewBag, ViewData, Tempdata, jQuery, Model, Database, AJAX, and Hardcoding in View.

DropdownList using Hardcoded data in view

Populating With Hardcoded Data
@Html.DropDownList("MySkills", new List<% foreach=""><%: string.format=""><%: item.name=""><%: html.actionlink=""><%: html.actionlink=""><%: htmlactionlink=""><%}%>
{
   new SelectListItem{ Text="ASP.NET MVC", Value = "1" },
   new SelectListItem{ Text="ASP.NET WEB API", Value = "2" },
   new SelectListItem{ Text="ENTITY FRAMEWORK", Value = "3" },
   new SelectListItem{ Text="DOCUSIGN", Value = "4" },
   new SelectListItem{ Text="ORCHARD CMS", Value = "5" },
   new SelectListItem{ Text="JQUERY", Value = "6" },
   new SelectListItem{ Text="ZENDESK", Value = "7" },
   new SelectListItem{ Text="LINQ", Value = "8" },
   new SelectListItem{ Text="C#", Value = "9" },
   new SelectListItem{ Text="GOOGLE ANALYTICS", Value = "10" },
})
  
  

DropdownList using Viewbag

public ActionResult Index() {
  #region ViewBag
  List < SelectListItem > mySkills = new List < SelectListItem > () {
      new SelectListItem {
          Text = "ASP.NET MVC", Value = "1"
      },
      new SelectListItem {
          Text = "ASP.NET WEB API", Value = "2"
      },
      new SelectListItem {
          Text = "ENTITY FRAMEWORK", Value = "3"
      },
      new SelectListItem {
          Text = "DOCUSIGN", Value = "4"
      },
      new SelectListItem {
          Text = "ORCHARD CMS", Value = "5"
      },
      new SelectListItem {
          Text = "JQUERY", Value = "6"
      },
      new SelectListItem {
          Text = "ZENDESK", Value = "7"
      },
      new SelectListItem {
          Text = "LINQ", Value = "8"
      },
      new SelectListItem {
          Text = "C#", Value = "9"
      },
      new SelectListItem {
          Text = "GOOGLE ANALYTICS", Value = "10"
      },
  };
  ViewBag.MySkills = mySkills;
  #endregion
  return View();
}



  Populating With ViewBag Data 
  @Html.DropDownList("MySkills", (IEnumerable
            <% foreach=""><%: string.format=""><%: item.name=""><%: html.actionlink=""><%: html.actionlink=""><%: html.actionlink=""><%}%>)ViewBag.MySkills) 

DropdownListusing ViewData

public ActionResult Index() {
  #region ViewData
  List < SelectListItem > mySkills = new List < SelectListItem > () {
      new SelectListItem {
          Text = "ASP.NET MVC", Value = "1"
      },
      new SelectListItem {
          Text = "ASP.NET WEB API", Value = "2"
      },
      new SelectListItem {
          Text = "ENTITY FRAMEWORK", Value = "3"
      },
      new SelectListItem {
          Text = "DOCUSIGN", Value = "4"
      },
      new SelectListItem {
          Text = "ORCHARD CMS", Value = "5"
      },
      new SelectListItem {
          Text = "JQUERY", Value = "6"
      },
      new SelectListItem {
          Text = "ZENDESK", Value = "7"
      },
      new SelectListItem {
          Text = "LINQ", Value = "8"
      },
      new SelectListItem {
          Text = "C#", Value = "9"
      },
      new SelectListItem {
          Text = "GOOGLE ANALYTICS", Value = "10"
      },
  };
  ViewData["MySkills"] = mySkills;
  #endregion
}


  Populating With ViewData Data 
  @Html.DropDownList("MySkills", (IEnumerable
            <% foreach=""><%: string.format=""><%: item.name=""><%: html.actionlink=""><%: html.actionlink=""><%: html.actionlink=""><%}%>)ViewData["MySkills"]) 

DropdownList using TempData

#region TempData
List < SelectListItem > mySkills = new List < SelectListItem > () {
    new SelectListItem {
        Text = "ASP.NET MVC", Value = "1"
    },
    new SelectListItem {
        Text = "ASP.NET WEB API", Value = "2"
    },
    new SelectListItem {
        Text = "ENTITY FRAMEWORK", Value = "3"
    },
    new SelectListItem {
        Text = "DOCUSIGN", Value = "4"
    },
    new SelectListItem {
        Text = "ORCHARD CMS", Value = "5"
    },
    new SelectListItem {
        Text = "JQUERY", Value = "6"
    },
    new SelectListItem {
        Text = "ZENDESK", Value = "7"
    },
    new SelectListItem {
        Text = "LINQ", Value = "8"
    },
    new SelectListItem {
        Text = "C#", Value = "9"
    },
    new SelectListItem {
        Text = "GOOGLE ANALYTICS", Value = "10"
    },
};
 TempData["MySkills"] = mySkills;
 #endregion
  
  
  Populating With TempData Data 
  @Html.DropDownList("MySkills", (IEnumerable
            <% foreach=""><%: string.format=""><%: item.name=""><%: html.actionlink=""><%: html.actionlink=""><%: html.actionlink=""><%}%>)TempData["MySkills"]) 
  
  

DropdownList using Enum

  public enum MySkills {
    ASPNETMVC,
    ASPNETWEPAPI,
    CSHARP,
    DOCUSIGN,
    JQUERY
}

public struct ConvertEnum {
    public int Value {
        get;
        set;
    }
    public String Text {
        get;
        set;
    }
}

var myskill = new List < ConvertEnum > ();
foreach(MySkills lang in Enum.GetValues(typeof(MySkills)))
myskill.Add(new ConvertEnum {
    Value = (int) lang, Text = lang.ToString()
});
ViewBag.MySkillEnum = myskill;


     Populating From Enum 
     @Html.DropDownList("MySkills", new SelectList(ViewBag.MySkillEnum, "Value", "Text")) 

DropdownList using Database with Entity Framework

  using(CSharpCornerEntities cshparpEntity = new CSharpCornerEntities()) {
    var fromDatabaseEF = new SelectList(cshparpEntity.MySkills.ToList(), "ID", "Name");
    ViewData["DBMySkills"] = fromDatabaseEF;
}


     Populating With Database and EF 
     @Html.DropDownList("MySkills", (IEnumerable
            <% foreach=""><%: string.format=""><%: item.name=""><%: html.actionlink=""><%: html.actionlink=""><%: html.actionlink=""><%}%>)ViewData["DBMySkills"]) 

DropdownList using Jquery Ajax with JSON Data

  public JsonResult ReturnJSONDataToAJax() //It will be fired from Jquery ajax call
{
    CSharpCornerEntities cshparpEntity = new CSharpCornerEntities();
    var jsonData = cshparpEntity.MySkills.ToList();
    return Json(jsonData, JsonRequestBehavior.AllowGet);
}





     Populating With Json Data 
     @Html.DropDownList("FromJson", new SelectList(Enumerable.Empty
            <% foreach=""><%: string.format=""><%: item.name=""><%: html.actionlink=""><%: html.actionlink=""><%: html.actionlink=""><%}%>())) 

DropdownList using Model

  using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Mvc;
namespace VariousWayBindingDropDownListInMVC5.Models {
    public class MySkills {
        public int ID {
            get;
            set;
        }
        public string Name {
            get;
            set;
        }
        public IEnumerable < SelectListItem > Skills {
            get;
            set;
        }
    }
}

var model = new VariousWayBindingDropDownListInMVC5.Models.MySkills();
using(CSharpCornerEntities cshparpEntity = new CSharpCornerEntities()) {
    var dbData = cshparpEntity.MySkills.ToList();
    model.Skills = GetSelectListItems(dbData);
}

private IEnumerable < SelectListItem > GetSelectListItems(IEnumerable < MySkill > elements) {
    var selectList = new List < SelectListItem > ();
    foreach(var element in elements) {
        selectList.Add(new SelectListItem {
            Value = element.ID.ToString(),
                Text = element.Name
        });
    }
    return selectList;
}

@model VariousWayBindingDropDownListInMVC5.Models.MySkills

     Populating With Model Data 
     @Html.DropDownList("FromModel", Model.Skills) 

DropdownList using Global Static Data in View

  @ {
    List < SelectListItem > listItems = new List < SelectListItem > ();
    listItems.Add(new SelectListItem {
        Text = "ASP.NET MVC",
            Value = "1"
    });
    listItems.Add(new SelectListItem {
        Text = "ASP.NET WEB API",
            Value = "2",
            Selected = true
    });
    listItems.Add(new SelectListItem {
        Text = "DOCUSIGN",
            Value = "3"
    });
    listItems.Add(new SelectListItem {
        Text = "C#",
            Value = "4"
    });
} < tr > < td > Populating With Global static Data < /td> < td > @Html.DropDownList("StaticData", listItems) < /td> < /tr>

Figure 3: Output

In this article, we discussed DropDownList and Razor View basics. We also discussed different ways to implement the DropDownList using Razor. Many of them get stuck with binding dropdown elements using MVC. As it is an important concept, this blog will help them resolve their concerns of dropdown list binding.